Question: When a vacancy occures in the House of Representatives, how is that vacancy filled until an election can occure?

Focusing on the Constitutional -

When vacancies happen in the Representation from any State, the Executive Authority thereof shall issue Writs of Election to fill such Vacancies.
(US Constitution, Article I, Section 2, Clause 4)

In 1970, Jackson v. Ogilvie, the Seventh Circuit Court rulled that this duty in this clause of the Constitution is mandatory on Governors. When the seat in the House is vacated for any reason the Governor must set a date for a special election. However, if the remaining term for that office is "exceeding short" the Governor can choose to let the filling of that office wait until the upcoming election.

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The basis of our political systems is the right of the people to make and to alter their constitutions of government. But the Constitution which at any time exists, till changed by an explicit and authentic act of the whole people, is sacredly obligatory upon all. The very idea of the power and the right of the people to establish government presupposes the duty of every individual to obey the established government.
George Washington's Farewell Address 1796

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